Grade 8 Mathematics

Triangle Geometry & Pythagoras — Quiz 1

Exam-style questions covering angles of triangles, exterior angles, and the Theorem of Pythagoras. Based on Question 4 of the standard Grade 8 paper. Enter your name to begin.

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What this quiz covers

Grade 8 — Triangle Geometry & Pythagoras Quiz 1 draws its questions at random from a bank of 7 questions, with full worked solutions for every one.


Worked examples

A few of the question types, with full solutions, so you know what to expect.

In the diagram, \(CA\) is produced (extended) beyond \(A\). The angle of \(130^\circ\) and angle \(x\) lie on this straight line at \(A\). Calculate the value of \(x\).

At \(A\), the \(130°\) and \(x\) lie next to each other on the straight line \(CA\) produced.

Angles on a straight line add up to \(180°\):

\(x = 180° - 130°\)

Which reason correctly justifies the size of \(x\) in the diagram?

  1. Angles on a straight line (sum to \(180°\))
  2. Angles in a triangle (sum to \(180°\))
  3. Vertically opposite angles are equal
  4. Corresponding angles on parallel lines

Answer: Angles on a straight line (sum to \(180°\))

The \(130°\) and \(x\) sit side by side on one straight line (\(CA\) produced).

Two angles on a straight line are supplementary — they add up to \(180°\).

*That is exactly why we wrote \(x = 180° - 130°\).

In \(\triangle ABC\): the angle at \(A\) is \(x = 50°\), the angle at \(C\) is \(y°\), and the angle at \(B\) is \((y - 20)°\). Calculate the value of \(y\).

The three interior angles of \(\triangle ABC\) are \(50°\), \(y°\) and \((y-20)°\).

Angles in a triangle add up to \(180°\):

\(50° + y + (y - 20°) = 180°\)

\(2y + 30° = 180°\)

\(2y = 150°\)

In \(\triangle ABC\), \(y = 75°\) and the angle at \(B\) is \((y - 20)°\). Calculate the size of \(\hat{B}\).

\(\hat{B} = y - 20°\)

\(\hat{B} = 75° - 20°\)

*Check: \(50° + 75° + 55° = 180°\) ✓

In the diagram, \(PQ = QR\) and \(PS \perp QR\) (so \(\hat{S} = 90°\)). \(PQ = 15\) and \(PS = 9\). Calculate the length of \(QS\).

\(\triangle PQS\) is right-angled at \(S\), and \(PQ\) is the hypotenuse.

Theorem of Pythagoras: \(PQ^2 = QS^2 + PS^2\)

\(15^2 = QS^2 + 9^2\)

\(225 = QS^2 + 81\)

\(QS^2 = 225 - 81 = 144\)